Article 33a Dutch Criminal Code

Paragraph 1

The following are liable to forfeiture:

1. objects that belong to the convicted person or that he can use wholly or partly for his own benefit and that have been obtained wholly or largely by means of or from the proceeds of the criminal offence;

2. objects in relation to which the offence was committed;

3. objects by means of which the offence was committed or prepared;

4. objects by means of which the investigation of the serious offence (misdrijf) was obstructed;

5. objects manufactured or intended for committing the serious offence;

6. rights in rem in, or personal rights in respect of, the objects referred to under a to e.

Paragraph 2

Objects as referred to in paragraph 1, under a to e, that do not belong to the convicted person may only be forfeited if:

1. the person to whom they belong was aware of their acquisition by means of the criminal offence or of their use or intended use in connection therewith, or could reasonably have suspected that acquisition, use or intended use, or

2. it has not been possible to establish to whom they belong.

Paragraph 3

Rights as referred to in paragraph 1, under f, that do not belong to the convicted person may only be forfeited if the person to whom they belong was aware of the acquisition, by means of the criminal offence, of the objects in or in respect of which those rights exist, or of their use or intended use in connection therewith, or could reasonably have suspected that acquisition, use or intended use.

Paragraph 4

Objects means all things and all property rights.